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摘要:在新世紀(jì)，建筑給排水將擔(dān)負(fù)新的歷史重任，面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)。建筑給排水將更突出以人為本的原則，并將重點(diǎn)調(diào)整到民用建筑與工業(yè)建筑并重，公共建筑與居住建筑并重，冷水供應(yīng)與熱水供應(yīng)并重，走上全面、均衡、務(wù)實(shí)、安全的發(fā)展之路。建筑給水排水屬于應(yīng)用工程，是整個建筑設(shè)計中一個相當(dāng)重要的環(huán)節(jié)，也是建筑設(shè)計中必不可少的。 本文針對青島市住宅樓，結(jié)合對設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范的理解，對該建筑的給水系統(tǒng)、排水系統(tǒng)、消防水系統(tǒng)、熱水系統(tǒng)，主要以設(shè)計計算說明的形式，進(jìn)行了初步探討。 根據(jù)設(shè)計資料，市政給水管網(wǎng)的水壓為0.3MPa，本建筑地下一層至地上三層由室外市政管網(wǎng)直接供水，四至十一層采用水泵、屋頂水箱相接合的給水方式,給水管材采用UPVC塑料管；由于消火栓超過十個，需設(shè)兩條引入管。既保障了供水安全，又節(jié)約了能耗。 本建筑屬二類建筑，設(shè)室內(nèi)消火栓給水系統(tǒng)，該建筑防火等級屬于中危險級Ⅰ級，設(shè)計內(nèi)容包括消火栓系統(tǒng)和自動噴淋系統(tǒng)。在屋頂水箱間內(nèi)設(shè)實(shí)驗(yàn)用消火栓裝置，消火栓給水管網(wǎng)呈環(huán)狀布置，各消火栓箱內(nèi)設(shè)消防水泵啟動電鈕，能直接啟動消防泵；室外設(shè)地下式水泵結(jié)合器，保證消防安全可靠。商場，走廊，辦公間，電梯前室設(shè)閉式自動噴淋系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計采用兩組報警閥組，分別控制地下一層至底層、二層至三層的噴頭。 本設(shè)計室內(nèi)排水系統(tǒng)采用合流制，衛(wèi)生間污廢水經(jīng)化糞池后直接排至室外排水管網(wǎng),男、女廁所分別設(shè)置立管。排水系統(tǒng)首層單獨(dú)排放，并就近排至戶外。高區(qū)排水立管設(shè)有伸頂通氣管。同時設(shè)置專用通氣管，輔以結(jié)合通氣管連接成三管系統(tǒng)。地下室積水經(jīng)地溝排至集水坑，再通過污水提升泵排至室外城市污水管網(wǎng)。本設(shè)計排水管材采用柔性接口機(jī)制排水鑄鐵管。 根據(jù)設(shè)計資料，本設(shè)計需對四至十一層供應(yīng)熱水。為保證同一用水點(diǎn)的冷、熱水壓力平衡，熱水管道沿著給水管道布置，熱水管材采用PP-R給水聚丙烯熱水管，不做保溫層。各系統(tǒng)中的立管設(shè)在管井內(nèi)或沿墻敷設(shè)，水平管根據(jù)各系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)明敷或暗敷。 關(guān)鍵詞 給水系統(tǒng)；排水系統(tǒng)；消防系統(tǒng)；熱水系統(tǒng)
Abstract:In the new century, building water supply and drainage would assume the historical responsibility, and facing new challenges. Building water supply and drainage will be more prominent to the principle of people-oriented, and focus adjustment to both civil construction and industrial buildings, both public buildings and residential buildings, both cold water supply and hot water supply, embarked on a comprehensive, balanced, pragmatic and safe development of the road . Building Water is an application works, is a very important part of the whole architectural design, architectural design essential. Residential building in Qingdao City, combined with the design standards, specifications understanding the construction of water supply system, drainage system, fire water system, hot water system, the main form of design calculations described a preliminary study. According to the design information, the municipal water supply network water pressure 0.3MPa, the building basement to the ground three outdoor municipal pipe network directly to the water supply, four to ten layer pump, rooftop water tanks engaging the water supply, water supply pipe using UPVC plastic pipe; fire hydrant more than ten, you need to set up two introduction tube. Not only ensures the safety of water supply, but also save energy. This building is a second-class building, set fire hydrant water supply system, the building fire rating is a dangerous level I design includes hydrant systems and automatic sprinkler system. Experimental rooftop water tanks equipped with a fire hydrant device, fire hydrant systems arranged in a ring, the fire box equipped with fire pumps start push-button to start the fire pump; outside the chamber underground water pump, fire safety and reliable. Shopping malls, corridors, office, elevator room set up the closed automatic sprinkler system, the design uses two sets of alarm valve, control the basement to the underlying layer to the nozzle. Combined Design Interior drainage system, toilet sewage and wastewater directly discharged to the the outdoor drainage network, after Septic ladies room set riser. The first floor of the drainage system is discharged separately, and the nearest row to the outdoors. High the drainage riser has a stretch top snorkel. At the same time set up a dedicated snorkel, snorkel connected supplemented by a combination of three systems. The basement hydrocephalus by the waste discharged into the sump, sewage lift pump to the outside row urban sewage pipe network. The design of the drainage pipe with cast iron drainage pipe to the flexible interface mechanism. According to the design data required for the design of four to ten layer supply hot water. In order to ensure the same cold water point, the balance of hot water pressure, hot water pipes along the water supply piping, hot water pipe PP-R water supply polypropylene hot water pipes without insulation. System riser tube wells or along the wall laying, horizontal tube according to the characteristics of the system for surface or concealed. Keywords water supply system drainage systems fire protection system hot water system
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