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摘 要:氧化鋅納米材料是一種面向21世紀(jì)的新型精細(xì)無機(jī)材料。目前，有關(guān)ZnO納米材料的研究己經(jīng)成為半導(dǎo)體材料研究領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)之一。 ZnO納米材料制備方法很多，歸結(jié)起來主要有：氣相法、液相法、固相法。與其他方法相比，液相法具有原料易得，設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單，操作過程易控制且所得粉體純度高、均勻性好、化學(xué)組成控制準(zhǔn)確等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 目前，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者主要研究的方向是通過采用液相法，在前驅(qū)體溶液中加入表面活性劑來控制晶核的生長(zhǎng)方向，以此獲得的片狀或棒狀的納米氧化鋅單晶。 本試驗(yàn)基于液相法，通過加入聚乙二醇與十二烷基苯磺酸鈉的共同作用，使之形成一種新的聚合物，以此來控制納米氧化鋅的成核，從而獲得了球形顆粒狀的納米氧化鋅單晶。并討論了反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)物配比、聚乙二醇與十二烷基苯磺酸鈉的添加對(duì)無機(jī)粒子的成核和晶體生長(zhǎng)的影響。 借助于X-射線衍射、透射電鏡、紫外-可見光譜分析儀等手段表征和探討了氧化鋅納米晶的物相組成、顯微結(jié)構(gòu)和譜學(xué)特征。通過XRD物相分析可知，所得產(chǎn)物的物相為球形顆粒狀，直徑大約為45nm；透射電鏡結(jié)果表明，所得產(chǎn)物為球形顆粒狀，粒徑分布均勻；紫外-可見吸收光譜表明所制備的納米氧化鋅樣品在220nm左右處有一強(qiáng)吸收峰。 關(guān)鍵詞: 聚乙二醇；十二烷基苯磺酸鈉；液相法；合成；納米氧化鋅
ABSTRACT:Zinc oxide nano materials was a 21st century new fine inorganic materials. At present, the research on ZnO nanomaterials by semiconductor research has become one of the hot spot in the field. Zinc oxide nano materials preparation method are many, it comes down to basically has of gas phase method, the liquid phase methods and solid phase method. Compared with other methods of reactants, with the equipment was simple, the operation process easy control and income powder high purity and good uniformity, chemical composition control accurate, etc. At present, the domestic and overseas scholars main research direction was by using liquid law, in the precursor body solution to add surfactant to control the growth of nuclei in the direction of sheets or obtained, the bar nanometer ZnO single crystal. The experiment based on the liquid phase methods, by joined polyethylene glycol and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium work together to form a new polymer, in order to control the nucleation of nanometer ZnO, thus obtains the spherical granular nano-zinc oxide single crystal. And discusses reaction time, reaction temperature, and reactant ratio, polyethylene glycol and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium add for inorganic particle nucleation and the influence of crystal growth. By X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrometer means characterization and discussed ZnO nanocrystalline thing phase composition, microstructure and spectrum learn features. An object was by XRD analysis, we can conclude that the products for the object was spherical granular and diameter approximately was about 45nm. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the spherical granular product was uniform paricle size distribution. The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra show that the sample preparation of nanometer zno in 220nm place has a strong absorption peaks. Key words: polyethylene glycol; dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium; liquid phase method ;synthesis; zinc oxide nano |
