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摘 要:引力時(shí)間延遲效應(yīng)是愛(ài)因斯坦廣義相對(duì)論的一個(gè)重要理論預(yù)言,1964年夏皮羅提出了一個(gè)用雷達(dá)回波信號(hào)來(lái)驗(yàn)證引力時(shí)間延遲效應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,該方案也成為了驗(yàn)證廣義相對(duì)論的第四個(gè)重要的實(shí)驗(yàn)。本文首先介紹了引力時(shí)間延遲效應(yīng)的基本理論,并介紹了驗(yàn)證引力時(shí)間延遲效應(yīng)的理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)方法。其次,以水星、金星為例,分別計(jì)算了水星、金星處于上合時(shí)雷達(dá)回波信號(hào)的引力時(shí)間延遲,并對(duì)計(jì)算得到的理論計(jì)算值與實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)量值進(jìn)行了分析討論。最后,對(duì)影響雷達(dá)回波延遲實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的因素進(jìn)行了探討和分析。 關(guān)鍵詞:引力時(shí)間延遲;廣義相對(duì)論;引力場(chǎng);雷達(dá)波
ABSTRACT:Gravity time delay effect is one important theory predicted of the general relativity by Einstein, 1964, Shapiro suggested a experiment plan of using radar signals to verify gravity the effect of time delay which also became the fourth important experiment to verify general relativity first. This text firstly introduces the basic effect of gravity time delay, and introduces the theory and experimental method about verifying gravity time delay effect .Secondly, This article takes two physical models as example,Venus and Mercurya, and calculates gravitational time delay of radar spreading to surface of Venus and Mercurya and return in the locations of “close above”, and to compare and discuss the calculated results and the theory of time delay. Finally, the experimental results of the impact of the radar echo of delay factors are discussed and analyzed. Key words: Gravity time delay; General relativity; The gravitational field;Radar wave |