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摘要:熱電廠是在發(fā)電的同時(shí)，還利用供熱式機(jī)組為熱用戶供熱的熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)電廠，與純凝氣式發(fā)電廠相比，它具有熱效率高、資源利用率高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。M企業(yè)是一個(gè)集冶煉、化工生產(chǎn)為一體的綜合大型企業(yè)，對(duì)熱量（蒸汽量）和電量的需求極大。企業(yè)自備熱電廠的建設(shè)將有效保證其供熱、供電的穩(wěn)定性。 本次設(shè)計(jì)為M企業(yè)自備熱電廠電氣部分初步設(shè)計(jì)。首先遵循熱電廠“以熱定電”的原則確定機(jī)組容量和類型，然后進(jìn)行電氣主接線設(shè)計(jì)、短路電流的計(jì)算、主要電氣設(shè)備選型、雷電過(guò)電壓保護(hù)、主要設(shè)備及輸電線路的保護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)等。本次設(shè)計(jì)是一次理論與實(shí)際相結(jié)合的初步過(guò)程，旨在鞏固和完善對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)的理解和運(yùn)用，樹立工程設(shè)計(jì)觀念，提高實(shí)際分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力。 關(guān)鍵詞: 自備熱電廠；熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)；以熱定電；電氣設(shè)計(jì)；保護(hù)
ABSTRACT:Thermal power plant is in power at the same time, also USES a heating unit heating for heat users of CHP plants production, compared with ChunNing gas type power, it has advantages of high thermal efficiency and high resource utilization. M enterprise is a collection smelting, chemical industry production is a body comprehensive large enterprise, to heat (steam) and electricity demand. Enterprise self-provided power plant construction will effectively ensure the stability of heating and power supply. The design of M enterprise self-provided power plant electrical part of the preliminary design. First, follow the principle of "thermal power" a thermal power plant unit capacity and types, and then to the main electrical wiring design, short-circuit current calculation, the main electrical equipment selection, overvoltage protection and grounding design, main equipment and transmission line protection design and so on. This design is a preliminary process of integrating theory with practice, to strengthen and improve the understanding of knowledge and to use, sets up the engineering design concepts, improve the ability of actual problem analysis and problem solving. Keywords: bring your own thermal power plants； cogeneration； in electricity； electrical design； heat protection
隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，企業(yè)之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日漸激烈，能否占據(jù)有利的市場(chǎng)條件贏得生存和發(fā)展的契機(jī)，成了企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略部署中的核心問(wèn)題。M企業(yè)下設(shè)有鋼鐵廠、化肥廠、紡織廠等，是一個(gè)熱量、電量需求較大的企業(yè)。以往都是通過(guò)自身的燃煤鍋爐系統(tǒng)供熱（將鍋爐產(chǎn)生的高溫高壓蒸汽經(jīng)降溫降壓供給用戶，存在大量能量損失），這不僅投資大資源利用率低而且對(duì)環(huán)境污染極其嚴(yán)重，企業(yè)內(nèi)部供電也時(shí)常受地區(qū)電網(wǎng)電力短缺和故障等的影響。為了降低生產(chǎn)成本提高熱量、電量需求的穩(wěn)定性，從企業(yè)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展考慮決定新建熱電廠作為企業(yè)自備熱、電來(lái)源。熱電廠將與地區(qū)電網(wǎng)并網(wǎng)，企業(yè)用電高峰時(shí)可引進(jìn)地區(qū)電網(wǎng)彌補(bǔ)供電短缺，用電剩余時(shí)可將多余電能回饋電網(wǎng)從而實(shí)現(xiàn)電能的綜合利用。同時(shí)，熱電廠采用“熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)、以熱定電”的運(yùn)行方式（即：以供熱為主供電為輔，以熱負(fù)荷的性質(zhì)來(lái)確定電廠機(jī)組的容量和類型）可以充分保障企業(yè)供熱的穩(wěn)定性。對(duì)企業(yè)熱量、電量的穩(wěn)定供應(yīng)必將為企業(yè)的穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)創(chuàng)造有利的前提條件。
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