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摘要:“中國是一個(gè)中度缺水的國家”，水利部水資源司司長吳季松說,這是從水資源對(duì)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的支撐能力上得出的判斷。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，中國目前缺水總量估計(jì)為400億立方米，每年受旱面積200萬~260萬平方千米，影響糧食產(chǎn)量150億~200億千克，影響工業(yè)產(chǎn)值2000多億元，全國還有7000萬人飲水困難。缺水對(duì)環(huán)境和人的身心健康都有著嚴(yán)重的影響。 現(xiàn)代生活中，隨著人們生活水平的提高，人們對(duì)花卉、樹木等綠色植物的喜愛和種植越來越多。如果不能根據(jù)植物正常生長所需要的光照、水分、溫度來實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)節(jié)植物生長環(huán)境的參數(shù)，不利于花木的成長，而且現(xiàn)在的名貴花如果因?yàn)橐陨显蚨劳龅貌粌斒?，鑒于以上情況，市場(chǎng)上急需提供一種能夠根據(jù)光照、溫度、濕度及光照的變化自動(dòng)將水分和及光補(bǔ)充給花木，達(dá)到定期、及時(shí)澆灌花木的花木自動(dòng)澆灌器。 關(guān)鍵詞: 組態(tài) PLC控制 自動(dòng)澆灌
Abstract:" China is a moderate water shortage in the country", the Ministry of Water Resources Water Resources Secretary Wu Jisong said, this is from the water resources on the development of society and economy support ability of judgment. According to statistics, China currently dry aggregates is estimated to be 40000000000cubic meters, annual drought area 2000000~ 2600000 square kilometers, affect the grain yield15000000000~ 200kilogram, affect the industrial output value of about 200000000000 yuan, the country has 70000000people drinking water problems. Water shortage on the environment and human health have serious influence. In modern life, along with the improvement of people's living standard, people on the flowers, trees and other plants, and plant more and more trees. If not according to the normal growth of plants need light, moisture, temperature and real time regulation of plant growth and environmental parameters, is not conducive to the growth of flowers and trees, and now rare flower if the loss outweighs the gain. Due to the above reasons and death, in view of the above situation, the market is badly in need of a according to the illumination, temperature, humidity and light change automatic water and light supplement to achieve regular, timely watering flowers and trees, flowers and trees automatic watering device. Keywords: Configuration PLC control Automatic irrigation
本系統(tǒng)多用于溫室、露天農(nóng)作物、森林，由于系統(tǒng)操作簡(jiǎn)單、實(shí)用性高，所以更容易得到花卉愛好者的鐘愛。 現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中很多花卉溫度、濕度和光照需要保持在一個(gè)既定的值上，超出或者低于這個(gè)預(yù)定值將對(duì)花卉的生長產(chǎn)生影響。該系統(tǒng)要求用PLC來實(shí)現(xiàn)花卉生長環(huán)境因子信息數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)采集、處理，而后輸出控制執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境濕度、溫度和光照強(qiáng)度的測(cè)控，達(dá)到節(jié)水節(jié)能，省時(shí)省工的效果。具體功能如下: 1、實(shí)現(xiàn)按需灌溉功能。按照花卉的需求開啟和關(guān)閉灌溉系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)一般的控制。具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，成本低，操作方便。 2、通過傳感器檢測(cè)花卉生長的環(huán)境溫度、土壤濕度和光照強(qiáng)度，依據(jù)設(shè)定的植物要求的溫度、濕度和光照強(qiáng)度的上下限值，由PLC來控制開關(guān)水泵、電磁閥和防曬電機(jī)，從而調(diào)節(jié)溫度、濕度和光照。當(dāng)空氣溫度高于上限值時(shí)，自動(dòng)拉開防曬網(wǎng)進(jìn)行自然降溫，達(dá)到要求值時(shí)則自動(dòng)收回。 3、露天農(nóng)作物環(huán)境中土壤濕度是重要因子，要求當(dāng)土壤含水量過低己不能滿足花卉最低需求時(shí)，就打開電磁閥進(jìn)行灌溉，當(dāng)濕度滿足要求是關(guān)閉電磁閥。 4、如果光照強(qiáng)度高于上限值時(shí)，拉開防曬網(wǎng)降低光照，如果光照強(qiáng)度低，收回防曬網(wǎng)。
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