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摘要
傳動(dòng)系主要由兩大系統(tǒng)組成，即：變速箱與驅(qū)動(dòng)橋。變速箱包括自動(dòng)變速箱和手動(dòng)變速箱，主要是將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)直接輸出的高轉(zhuǎn)速動(dòng)力，經(jīng)過不同齒輪比的齒輪組降速增矩并由傳動(dòng)軸傳遞至驅(qū)動(dòng)橋上，這樣才能保證驅(qū)動(dòng)力的輸出動(dòng)力能夠使用于不同的路況與車速要求。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋位于傳動(dòng)系的末端，主要包括：主減速器、差速器與半軸。其基本功用是降速、增矩，承受著路面和車架或車身之間的作用力。
傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的性能好壞直接影響著整車性能，而在于新型三輪摩托車的設(shè)計(jì)中顯得尤其重要。要將新型的大功率發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)輸出的高轉(zhuǎn)矩動(dòng)力完美搭配在三輪摩托車車上而又不影響其高效率、靈活駕駛的特性時(shí)，必須搭配一個(gè)高效、穩(wěn)定的傳動(dòng)系，所以采用傳動(dòng)效率高的單級(jí)減速驅(qū)動(dòng)橋已經(jīng)成為新型三輪摩托車的發(fā)展方向。
傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)主要保證車輛在既定的條件下具備最佳的動(dòng)力性和燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性。本設(shè)計(jì)是根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求是行駛參數(shù)，首先按照傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法并參考汽車傳動(dòng)系的設(shè)計(jì)方案，再確定主減速器、差速器以及半軸的結(jié)構(gòu)類型與整體布置，最好進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)并對(duì)各部位進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度與壽命的校核。
設(shè)計(jì)工程中基本保證結(jié)構(gòu)的合理，符合實(shí)際應(yīng)用，總成及零部件的設(shè)計(jì)盡量滿足零件的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、通用化和產(chǎn)品的系列化。此外，也便于修理、保養(yǎng)，有利于新型三輪汽車的制造推廣。
關(guān)鍵詞：三輪摩托車，傳動(dòng)系，變速箱，驅(qū)動(dòng)橋
Abstract
The power train consists of two main parts: transmission and drive axle. Transmission includes Automatic-transmission and Manual-transmission. The function of a transmission is to transfer engine power to the drive axle. Gears inside the transmission change the car?s drive-wheel speed and torque in relation to engine speed and torque. This keep the engine?s output matched as close as possible to varying road speeds and loads. Drive axle is at the end of the power train, it consists of: main reduction gear, differential, drive shaft. Its basic function is increasing the torque and reducing the speed, bearing the force between the road and the frames or body.
Its performance will have a direct impact on vehicle?s performance, in particular new type of Moto-tricycle. Because a tricycle using the big power engine with the high speed and not affect its characteristic of high efficiency and high driving, must exploiting the high driven efficiency single reduction final drive axle is becoming the Moto-tricycle?s developing tendency.
Drive axle should be designed to ensure the best dynamic and fuel economy on given condition. According to the design parameters given, firstly determine the overall vehicle parameters in accordance with the traditional design methods and reference vehicle?s parameters, then identify the main reducer, differential, axle and axle housing structure type, finally design the parameters of the main gear, the driven gear of the final drive, axle gears and spiral bevel gear and check the strength and life of them.
In design process of the drive axle, we should ensure a reasonable structure, practical applications, and the design of assembly and parts as much as possible meeting requirements of the standardization of parts, components and products? universality and serialization and change. And convenience of repair and maintenance also is benefit to new type of Moto-tricycle?s generalization.
Key words: Moto-tricycle, drive axle, transmission, single reduction final drive |
