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摘要:玉米是全世界的主要糧食和飼料作物，具有單產(chǎn)量高，總產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)定的特點(diǎn)被稱(chēng)為“飼料之王”。我國(guó)是世界上玉米生產(chǎn)第二大國(guó)，僅次于美國(guó)，在我國(guó)玉米是僅次于小麥的主要糧食作物，其種植面積和產(chǎn)量居秋糧作物之首，成為農(nóng)業(yè)主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物之一。玉米種植面積一直處于穩(wěn)步上升的狀態(tài)。玉米已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為糧食、飼料、經(jīng)濟(jì)兼用作物，新世紀(jì)興起了以玉米為原料的乙醇燃料工業(yè)， 玉米在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中占有越來(lái)越重要的地位。我國(guó)玉米以北方為主要產(chǎn)區(qū)，近年來(lái)我國(guó)南方也開(kāi)始大面積種植。隨之家庭勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度也大大的加大了，所以依靠玉米脫粒機(jī)來(lái)減輕玉米收獲之后的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度就成了一種迫切的需要。 家用小型玉米脫粒機(jī)主要是為了南方農(nóng)村廣大農(nóng)戶需要，代替手工脫粒，降低家庭勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，特別是脫粒之后的風(fēng)機(jī)清選設(shè)計(jì)更是大大降低了家庭玉米脫粒的程序和勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，所以設(shè)計(jì)了一款家用小型玉米脫粒機(jī)，本設(shè)計(jì)主要包括入料、脫粒、風(fēng)選、出料口這四大部分，本設(shè)計(jì)以電動(dòng)機(jī)為原動(dòng)力，設(shè)計(jì)原理是剝皮后的玉米棒通過(guò)脫粒釘齒與柵格式凹板之間的揉搓作用進(jìn)而脫粒，然后在經(jīng)過(guò)風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)選之后最后得到干凈的玉米籽粒，本設(shè)計(jì)采用理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的研究方法，最終設(shè)計(jì)出了適合南方家用的小型玉米脫粒機(jī)。 關(guān)鍵詞：小型；玉米脫粒機(jī)；機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；風(fēng)選設(shè)計(jì)
ABSTRACT:Corn is one of the world's main grain and forage crop, with high yield, total output and stability characteristics are known as "the king of feed".China is the world's second largest corn production, second only to the United States, in China corn is the main grain crop after wheat, its planting area and output ranked first in agricultural crops, has become one of the main economic crops.Corn planting area has been steadily rising state.Corn has developed into food, feed, economy holds concurrently with crop, the new century the rise of corn-based ethanol fuel industry, maize in international trade plays a more and more important role.Our country corn in North China as the main producing areas, in recent years our country south also begins large area to grow.Then the family labor intensity is greatly increased, so rely on corn threshing machine to reduce the labor intensity of corn harvest has become an urgent need. Household small corn thresher is mainly to southern rural farmers need. Instead of manual threshing, reduce the labor intensity of particular family, threshing after fan cleaning design is greatly reduced the family corn threshing procedures and the intensity of labor, so the design of a small household corn threshing machine, including the design of the main feeding, threshing, winnowing, discharging the four most, design principle is peeled corn threshing tooth and nail through a grid type concave plate between the kneading action and threshing, then after fan winnowing after finally get clean grain, this design adopts the combination of theoretical and experimental research methods, the final design for the southern household small corn thresher. Keywords: Small; corn thresher; mechanism design; air separation design |
